Clean
Air Council Meetings Report
- by
Dennis A. Poole
The
New Jersey Clean AIr Council (CAC) is an advisory body to the Department of Environmental
Protection. It's purpose is to recommend actions that will improve
air quality and protect public health.Its
monthly meetings are open to the public. The Clean Air Council is composed of
18 members, four of which are Department Commissioners. The other fourteen members
are appointed by the Governor. Interestingly, while there are medical and public
health professionals on the CAC, no
environmental organizations are represented.
The CAC's monthly meetings are open to the public and, when possible, NJEL sends
a volunteer observer so that our members can be made aware of the air pollution
control issues facing our state.
Air
Pollution - How Does the Port of New York and New Jersey Fit In?
Air
pollution - we usually discuss it in terms of fossil fuel power plants, automobiles,
trucks and buses, and manufacturing facilities. There is another significant source
of air pollution in New Jersey and that is port operations. The Port of New York
and New Jersey and the Delaware River Ports have come under increasing pressure
to reduce the emissions from traffic into and out of the port areas as well as
emissions from cargo handling equipment and docked vessels. The October 11th Clean
Air Council meeting was held at the New York Shipping Association (NYSA) training
center in Port Elizabeth, NJ. The New York Shipping Association is a nonprofit
organization of over 50 members, including the ocean carriers, terminal operators,
stevedoers and marine related businesses that service the Port of New York and
New Jersey (PANY/NJ).
At
the meeting, the NYSA's president, Frank McDonough, presented an overview of the
organization's pollution reduction initiatives and its position on additional
proposals. The PANY/NJ is the third largest in the U.S. In terms of tonnage, behind
Los Angeles and Long Beach, CA, and second in terms of value. Approximately 4.8
million TEU's (TEU stands for Twenty Foot Equivalent, one 20 ft. ocean container
equals 1 TEU, One 40 ft. ocean container equals 2 TEU's) with a value of $140
billion dollars.
You
might be surprised to learn that the New Jersey DEP does NOT monitor the air quality
in or around the Port properties. NYSA itself commissioned a study, which estimated
that 7% of the air pollution in the Northeastern New Jersey airshed is directly
attributed to port operations. The same study, the 2005 Starcrest Container Handling
Equipment Update Report, indicated that 3% of the traffic on the New Jersey Turnpike
is destined for Port facilities. On average, 5,000 trucks per day enter and leave
the port area. According to the study, emissions of Nox, particulates, volatile
organic compounds (VOCs), carbon dioxide (CO) and sulfer dioxide (SO2) have been
reduced by over 30% since 2002.
The
NYSA states that these reductions were achieved through changes and efficiency
measures - among them, updated equipment, retrofits, and increased use of rail.
Forty-seven diesel-powered cranes were replaced by electric cranes. Many truck
tractors that move containers within the port are new and have lower-emission
engines.
Many
of the cargo handling companies have also switched from non-road diesel fuel to
highway diesel. Non-road diesel can have in excess of SIX times the sulfer content
of highway diesel. Even more sulfur reductions could be made with Ultra Low Sulfer
fuel, but that is not readily available by pipeline and would have to be delivered
by truck from Philadelphia, at a prohibitive cost, not only in dollars, but in
terms of increased highway truck traffic.
NYSA's
position on a practice called "cold ironing" illustrates the tradeoffs
that occur when making decisions that affect the airshed. "Cold ironing"
is plugging into electrical power to run ship systems while at port. On its face,
adoption of "cold ironing" seems a no-brainer from an environmental
standpoint, since burning diesel fuel would be avoided. Environmentalists would
generally sweep aside industry claims that investment in shipboard and dockside
equipment is prohibitive and result in higher prices. However, the NYSA also points
out that the huge amounts of electricity required would come from coal fired plants
to the west, which already negatively impact New Jersey's air. Even New Jersey
water is impacted by mercury emissions from coal fired plants. NYSA's position
is that, given existing technologies, it is cheaper and more effective to move
cargo through faster. Also, for off-road equipment, the NYSA does not support
the use of the off-the-shelf retrofit technologies that are currently available.
The Association contends that the feasibility and benefits of these products have
not been verified through off-road testing, as the on-road technologies have.
In
other business, the DEP announced that there were pre-application meetings for
two 1200 megawatt electric generating plants. The plants will be gas fired with
oil back-up. Proposed locations are Union County and Bergen County. There is also
a proposal to build a 50-million gallon per year biodiesel manufacturing plant
in Edison, NJ.
Another
state-wide environmental organization, the New Jersey Environmental Federation
(NJEF), is actively engaged in analyzing options for improvements in air quality
at the Ports of New York and New Jersey. At the CAC's November meeting, Amy Goldsmith
of NJEF and the Clean Water Fund presented the NJEF's recommendations for actions
that the PANY/NJ can take to further reduce pollution.
The
November 8th meeting was held at the University of Medicine & Dentistry (UMDNJ)
NJ School of Medicine in Newark, NJ. The meeting was hosted by Leonard Bielory,
M.D., Vice Chairman of the Clean Air Council.
In
a presentation to the CAC, Ms. Goldsmith described diesel "hotspots"
in Newark that place children at greater risk for asthma and other health risks
because of elevated levels and spikes of diesel emissions, particulate matter
and soot. Typically, emergency room visits can rise by 26% in New Jersey on what
are known as "bad air days". That can be one day in three during the
summer. Asthma alone is estimated to account for 12% of the managed health care
costs in New Jersey. By 2010 the health care and other economic costs from diesel
soot are expected to be 4.8 billion per year. To reduce these negative impacts,
NJEF proposes the following: 100% state funding for retrofits of the diesel engines
in public vehicles; truck rerouting around areas where children congregate; maximizing
the availability and use of electric hook-ups for diesel vehicles and equipment;
enforcement of the idling laws; and, requiring all diesel equipment utilized in
public contracts to meet 2007 federal diesel engine standards.
Many
of these same recommendations could be implemented at Port sites to reduce the
effects of diesel emissions on port workers, truck drivers, and local residents.
In particular, new warehouses should be fully equipped with electric "plug
ins" and the Port Authority police force should enforce the State's idling
law.
Ronald Low,
M.D., Director of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, New Jersey Medical
School, UMDNJ presented the findings of a study which focused on the rise in the
number of diagnosed cases of distressed breathing (seen by a health care professional)
and 911 calls ("I am having trouble breathing") two to three days after
incidents of high levels of pollutants ("bad air days"). The data indicate
a stastically significant correlation between high concentrations of various pollutants
and increased cases of distressed breathing two or three days later. Some health
care professionals believe that in addition to immediate acute symptoms, there
also can be delayed respiratory effects which more closely resemble an allergic
reaction.
The
results of this study appear to justify environmentalists' continuing concerns
about emissions and illness. Data correlation should not be limited to immediate
daily effects. Regulators, businesses, and the public must consider the continuing
health costs, as well as the human misery that results from exposing people to
diesel pollution.
NJEL
Welcomes New Board Members
-
NJEL
is happy to announce the election of Monica Dytko of Edison and Dr. Jess Everett
of Pittman to the Board of Directors.
A
graduate of the College of New Jersey, Ms. Dytko is a financial professional and
she has already assisted us with her expert knowledge of computer hardware and
software. Even before joining the Board, she assisted in the planning and execution
of the 2006 Awards Reception. When she offered to "help in any way I can"
she may not have realized how seriously we took that! Ms. Dytko plans to assist
NJEL in membership recruitment.
Dr.
Jess Everett is a Professor at Rowan University in Glassboro. He holds a Ph.D.
in Civil and Environmental Engineering from Duke University. He is the author
or co-author of an extensive list of scientific articles. His research and writings
have included, but are not limited to, brownfields remediation, waste water and
water quality, and recycling. He has led or participated in numerous environmental
projects, including a trip with "Engineers Without Borders", during
which he helped villagers improve a water supply system in Thailand. Dr. Everett
also donated his time to repair athletic facilities in Picayune, MS in the aftermath
of Hurricane Katrina.
NJEL
is fortunate to have these two outstanding individuals join its Board of Directors.
Their expertise and enthusiasm will be invaluable assets to the organization.
Legislative
Update
- by
Michael L. Pisauro, Jr.
Collaborations
NJEL is continuing to work with the Coastal Ocean Coalition to improve the
health of our coasts and oceans. We have met with DEP as well as legislators in
order to pursue our agenda.
Amicus
Briefs
NJEL is joining in as amicus in two matters involving New Jersey's
land use. In Levin Properties v. Hamilton Planning Board, the grass roots group
Save Hamilton Open Space is asking the Supreme Court to allow planning boards
to examine external factors in their review of proposed projects. In Pond Run
Watershed Association v. Hamilton Township Zoning Board, the local group seeks
to overturn the township's approval of variances for a project that does not meet
the stormwater management rules and runs counter to the township's zoning regulations.
Legislative
Matters
At recent hearings of the Senate Environmental Committee, NJEL
supported proposals to require all day care and educational facilities to be tested
for contaminants. NJEL also supported requiring DEP to hold public hearings about
shore replenishment projects.
New
Regulatory Proposals
You might be surprised to know that mercury used
in dental material is entering the New Jersey waste water stream. We are happy
to see that DEP has proposed requiring dental facilities to install separators
to remove mercury from waste water and to dispose of it more safely. NJEL has
filed comments in support of this. DEP has also proposed regulations revising
the flood mitigation rule and public access to beaches. Legislative Director Mike
Pisauro is reviewing those proposals.
NOW
WHAT?
The hearing mentioned above was held in the wake of a disastrous
failure of DEP and local government oversight in Franklin Township, Gloucester
County, which resulted in exposure of pre-schoolers to mercury. The former thermometer
manufacturing facility, originally on a DEP list of contaminated sites, was sold
to the operator of a child day care center. Although DEP and township officials
knew the history of the site, the township issued an occupancy permit to the day
care center, which opened in 2004. By early August, 2006, the business had already
turned over to an owner, who closed it when tests indicated high levels of mercury
vapor. This situation was covered extensively in New Jersey and Philadelphia newspapers
(front page story in the Philadelphia Inquirer, August 10, 2006). The recriminations
and investigations are sure to go on for some time. But what can we do about it,
to prevent such situations in the future? There are a number of proposals, including
an information database of sites that will be accessible to local officials. But
a database is only as good as the input, and the willingness of officials to use
it effectively. The NJEL Board is now discussing a policy guidance methodology
known as the "Precautionary Principle". Quite simply, the principle
is similar to the Hippocratic principle of "do no harm". In practical
terms, the principle requires that policy and permitting decisions be made on
the basis of scientific data and "no harm" to the public health, not
tradeoffs of "acceptable risks" in return for tax ratables.
The
"Principle" has been adopted in whole or in part by several states and
by the European Union. NJEL is researching how other jurisdictions have applied
the Principle and what consequences, positive, negative, and unintended, have
occurred. If any of our members wish to assist in this endeavor, please call the
office or mail to njel@earthlink.net.
If you have information that could be helpful to our research, please share it.
Send material or comments by mail to the office address or email to njel@earthlink.net.
Federal
News
The Congressional delegations of New Jersey and other coastal states
prevented passage of a bill that could have resulted in oil and gas drilling off
the coast of New Jersey. It is unlikely that proponents of drilling will give
up, however. Vigilance will be required during this year's lame duck session.
Voters
Approve Ballot Question #2
-
NJ
voters approved Ballot Question #2, 60%-40%.
It
is disconcerting that even 40% of voters did not see the value in dedicating funds
to restore and improve New Jersey's parks, particularly with no increase in taxes.
Clearly, we need to do a better job of educating the public about the value of
our preserved habitats and recreational areas and what is needed to sustain them!
EEF's
Watershed Education Program Underway for 2006-07 School Year -
In
October, NJEL Board member Eugene Fox volunteered to assist EEF with its student
education project. Gene presented a watershed education/nonpoint source pollution
program to six classes at Bloomfield School #5. Gene's volunteer efforts have
allowed EEF to conserve funds granted to us by the Environmental Endowment for
the project and will allow us to reach more students. EEF is accepting requests
from schools for programs during this school year. Interested teachers or principals
should email us at njel@earthlink.net
to schedule presentations. Presentations are available for primary, elementary,
middle and high school students and for after-school day care centers.
EEF
Board Vacancy-
The
Environmental Education Fund is accepting applications for a vacancy on its Board
of Trustees. The EEF Board directs the public and student education projects of
the organization. Board members are expected to promote the Green Town program
and other EEF activities. Interested parties should send a letter of interest
and resume to njel@earthlink.net
REMEMBER!
The
New Jersey Environmental Lobby is your voice in Trenton. We are an independent,
nonpartisan, nonprofit organization focused on the preservation and protection
of a healthy environment for all our citizens. We need your support! JOIN NJEL
and help us change the laws!